1919, The Year of Racial Violence Ho African Americans Fought Back [Hardcover]

Krugler recounts African Americans' brave stand against a cascade of mob attacks in the United States after World War I.In 1919, The Year of Racial Violence, David F. Krugler focuses on how African Americans responded to the racially motivated mob violence that swept across the nation in 1919, and thus develops the first account of this three-front fight  in the streets, in the press, and in the courts  during one of the worst years of racial conflict in U.S. history.In 1919, The Year of Racial Violence, David F. Krugler focuses on how African Americans responded to the racially motivated mob violence that swept across the nation in 1919, and thus develops the first account of this three-front fight  in the streets, in the press, and in the courts  during one of the worst years of racial conflict in U.S. history.1919, The Year of Racial Violence recounts African Americans' brave stand against a cascade of mob attacks in the United States after World War I. The emerging New Negro identity, which prized unflinching resistance to second-class citizenship, further inspired veterans and their fellow black citizens. In city after city  Washington, DC; Chicago; Charleston; and elsewhere  black men and women took up arms to repel mobs that used lynching, assaults, and other forms of violence to protect white supremacy; yet, authorities blamed blacks for the violence, leading to mass arrests and misleading news coverage. Refusing to yield, African Americans sought accuracy and fairness in the courts of public opinion and the law. This is the first account of this three-front fight  in the streets, in the press, and in the courts  against mob violence during one of the worst years of racial conflict in U.S. history.Introduction; 1. World War I and the New Negro movement; 2. 'We return fighting': the first wave of armed resistance; 3. Fighting a mob in uniform: armed resistance in Washington, DC; 4. Blood in the streets: armed resistance in Chicago; 5. Armed resistancelSÒ