This book intends to present updated reviews of the swiftly rising field of gene therapy. Gene therapy has the capability to be a suitable therapeutic with enhanced specificity and reduced side effects that can offer a cure for several disorders. The book encompasses a broad spectrum of topics including methodologies of gene delivery and recognition of targets in cancer gene therapy. The ultimate aim is to achieve the complete benefit of such an innovative approach for the treatment of several diseases, including cancer, by educating the readers regarding the true nature and potential of gene therapy.