A study of twelfth-century Byzantine government, society and culture through the reign of Manuel I.This book is the first recent study of the complex and brilliant reign of Manuel I (11431180) which marked the high point of the revival of the Byzantine empire in the age of the Crusades. The emperor re-evaluated in the light of modern scholarship.This book is the first recent study of the complex and brilliant reign of Manuel I (11431180) which marked the high point of the revival of the Byzantine empire in the age of the Crusades. The emperor re-evaluated in the light of modern scholarship.The reign of Manuel I (1143-1180) marked the high point of the revival of the Byzantine empire under the Comnenian dynasty. It was however followed by a rapid decline, leading to the sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. This book, the first devoted to Manuel's reign for over 80 years, reevaluates the emperor and his milieu in the light of recent scholarship. It shows that his foreign policy was a natural response to the Western crusading movement and the expansionism of the German emperor Frederick Barbarossa. It also shows that what he ruled was more than the impoverished rump of a once great empire, or a society whose development had been arrested by a repressive regime. The twelfth century is presented here as a distinctive, creative phase in Byzantine history, when the empire maintained existing traditions and trends while adapting to a changing world.Introduction: Problems and sources; 1. The Comnenian empire between east and west; 2. Constantinople and the provinces; 3. The Comnenian system; 4. Government; 5. The guardians of Orthodoxy; 6. The emperor and his image; Epilogue. ...one of the most important recent publications in the field of Byzantine history....Magdalino's achievement consists not only in embarking into new territories, primarily the economic, social and intellectual spheres of human life, but in reconsidering the whole of the ByzantinlSS