This book elucidates several approaches in the management of diabetes mellitus. The basic aim in the management and treatment of diabetes mellitus is to control and normalize blood glucose levels and to avoid diabetic problems. It also encompasses maintaining normal body weight, development and growth. Regular exercise, distinct therapeutic agents, proper healthy diet and weight control are the pillars of diabetic care and management. It is certain that medical management and aims of therapy of diabetes mellitus have transformed over time. Latest analyses have displayed that the risk of developing retinopathy can reduce by 76% in appropriately managed diabetic patients when compared to control group and that laboratory and clinical signs as well as symptoms of neuropathy and nephropathy can also reduce by 54-60%. Contemporary approaches to the management of diabetes mellitus include holistic options.