In the last thirty years, geoscience has developed and changed rapidly. The whole ecosystem is facing environmental imbalance due to climatic change. Hence, geoscientific applications are growing. A large number of novel methods, data and techniques have been introduced and experimented with various facets of geoscience. The sections of this book discuss the present state of various analysis, data, methods and modeling techniques. The application of these techniques and methods, to all the wings of geology, hydrology and environmental and climatic change is very well demonstrated in this book. The broad spectrum of methods and technology include global positioning system, digital sediment core image analysis, information system and technology, 3D sedimentology, change detection from remote sensing, and many more.