Biofuels, Air Pollution, and Health: A Global Review [Paperback]

1. Recognition of the Problem: Views from Several Angles.- 1.1. Global Patterns of Fuel Use.- 1.2. Biofuel Combustion and Air Pollution.- 1.3. Indoor Air Pollution.- 1.4. A Synthesis.- 1.5. The Purpose and Organization of This Book.- 2. The Pollutants and Their Emission Factors.- 2.1. Traditional Biofuel Usage.- 2.2. Environmental Characteristics of Indicator Pollutants.- 2.2.1. Carbon Monoxide (CO).- 2.2.2. Particulates (TSP and RSP).- 2.2.3. Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM).- 2.2.4. Formaldehyde (HCHO).- 2.3. Measured Emission Factors.- 2.3.1. Carbon Monoxide (CO).- 2.3.2. Particulates.- 2.3.3. Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM).- 2.3.4. Formaldehyde (HCHO).- 2.4. Comparisons with Cigarette Smoke.- 3. Ventilation and Concentrations.- 3.1. Concentration Estimates: Simple Mathematical Models.- 3.1.1. Nonsteady-state Concentrations.- 3.1.2. Measured Air Exchange Rates.- 3.1.3. Estimated Concentrations.- 3.2. Concentration Estimates: Complex Models.- 3.3. Measured Concentrations.- 3.3.1. Carbon Monoxide (CO).- 3.3.2. Particulates.- 3.3.3. Polycyclic Organic Matter (POM).- 3.3.4. Formaldehyde (HCHO).- 3.4. Ambient Concentrations of Pollutants in Rural Areas.- 3.5. Concentrations Elsewhere and Air Quality Standards.- 3.5.1. Carbon Monoxide (CO).- 3.5.2. Particulates.- 3.5.3. Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP).- 3.5.4 Formaldehyde (HCHO).- 3.5.5. Comparisons Based on Hazard Indices.- 3.6. Comparisons with Cigarette Smoke.- 4. Exposures and Doses to Individuals and Populations.- 4.1. Estimates of Integrated Individual Exposures.- 4.1.1. Time Budgets.- 4.1.2. Measured Personal Exposures.- 4.2. Individual Dose Comparisons.- 4.2.1. Measured Individual Doses and Body Burdens.- 4.2.2. Estimated Individual Doses.- 4.3. Population Doses.- 4.4. Population Dose Commitments.- 4.5. Comparison with Doses from Cigarette Smoking.- 5. Estimating Health Effects by Extrapolation.- 5.1. Epidemiological Studies.- 5.1.1. Carbon Monoxide (CO).- 5.1.2. Particulates.- 5.1.3. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHló¾