This book is designed to serve as a companion for the readers to help them comprehend the concept of neurodegeneration. At present, the human population is on a course to collision in terms of social and economic troubles. As a result of varying demographics and growth in human population over the age of 60, age-related neurodegenerative complications are prone to become more common. Therefore, it becomes necessary to attain a better perception of such neurodegenerative disorders so that these diseases can be managed more pro-actively with new processes. The purpose of this book is to present a picture of current developments in the understanding of essential biological processes that can modify the onset and continuum of neurodegenerative processes. This issue is dealt with at the molecular, cellular and whole organism level. We are hopeful that some of the latest findings depicted in this book will aid in better defining of the fundamental biological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative processes and help in the development of new therapeutic pathways in the longer run.