Polymers from biobased materials are polymers derived from renewable resources by chemical or combined chemical and mechanical methods, or produced directly in biological processes. Combinations of renewable and conventional fossil-fuel-derived plastics are also biobased materials. This assessment reviews materials from renewable resources and their properties including major biopolymers produced by plants and selected animal sources.Executive Summary Part I. Materials from Renewable Resources and their Properties Structural Materials for the Automobile of the Future: Composite Materials Recent Advances in Lignocellulosic-Derived Composites Cellulose Grafting: Past, Present and Future Lignin: Properties and Materials Materials from Renewable Resources Chitin: the Neglected Biomaterial Starch-Based Plastics Biodegradation of Plastics Part II. Bioproduction of Materials Advances in Cellulose Biosynthesis Biogenesis and Biodegradation of Plant Cell Wall Polymers Advances in Protein-Derived Materials This assessment reviews materials from renewable resources and their properties including major biopolymers produced by plants and selected animal sources.