The science and technology of lithium ion batteries has been elaborated in this all-inclusive book. There have been a number of extensive books on Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs) on the basis of several viewpoints. However, only few books elucidate the current status and future of prospective LIBs, specifically for EVs and HEVs. In this context, this book presents an overview on the current state of LIBs and where research and developments are directing their prospects. It will be a beneficial resource not only for experts, but also for undergraduates and postgraduates interested in studying about this field. It will meet their needs of receiving a general overview on LIBs, particularly for heavy duty applications including EVs or HEVs.