Global perspective on how institutional factors facilitate or hamper the flows of information and knowledge.This distinctive contribution to the field of innovation studies offers a global perspective on how institutional factors, including gender and culture, facilitate or hamper the flows of information and knowledge within and across firms, regions, and nations - an issue of key importance to both national and regional governments.This distinctive contribution to the field of innovation studies offers a global perspective on how institutional factors, including gender and culture, facilitate or hamper the flows of information and knowledge within and across firms, regions, and nations - an issue of key importance to both national and regional governments.This critical addition to the growing literature on innovation contains extensive analyses of the institutional and spatial aspects of innovation. Written by leading scholars in the fields of economic geography, innovation studies, planning, and technology policy, the fourteen chapters cover conceptual and measurement issues in innovation and relevant technology policies. The contributors examine how different institutional factors facilitate or hamper the flows of information and knowledge within and across firms, regions, and nations. In particular, they provide insights into the roles of important institutions such as gender and culture which are often neglected in the innovation literature, and demonstrate the key role which geography plays in the innovation process. Institutions and policy measures which support entrepreneurship and cluster development are also discussed. The result is a comparative picture of the institutional factors underlying innovation systems across the globe.List of figures; List of tables; Abbreviations; Acknowledgments; Abstracts: Notes on contributors; Part I. Concepts and Measurements in Innovation: 1. Introduction Karen R. Polenske; 2. Measurement of the clustering and dispersionl³e