While earlier studies often portrayed African Americans as passive or powerless, as victims of white racism or slum pathologies, this book emphasizes new scholarship which conveys a sense of active involvement, of people empowered, engaged in struggle, living their lives in dignity and shaping their own futures. These ten essays written by prominent scholars, are synergetic in their common thematic approaches and interpretive analyses, with emphasis on the importance of agency among African Americans - an interpretive thrust that has shaped new writing in the field in the past decade.While earlier studies often portrayed African Americans as passive or powerless, as victims of white racism or slum pathologies, this book emphasizes new scholarship which conveys a sense of active involvement, of people empowered, engaged in struggle, living their lives in dignity and shaping their own futures. These ten essays written by prominent scholars, are synergetic in their common thematic approaches and interpretive analyses, with emphasis on the importance of agency among African Americans - an interpretive thrust that has shaped new writing in the field in the past decade.Toward a New African American Urban History - Kenneth W Goings and Raymond A Mohl `It Was a Proud Day' - Shane White African Americans, Festivals, and Parades in the North, 1741-1834 Mapping the Terrain of Black Richmond - Elsa Barkley Brown and Gregg D Kimball Connecting Memory, Self, and the Power of Place in African American Urban History - Earl Lewis `Unhidden' Transcripts - Kenneth W Goings and Gerald L Smith Memphis and African American Agency, 1862-1920 Domination and Resistance - Tera W Hunter The Politics of Wage Household Labor in New South Atlanta `We Are Not What We Seem' - Robin D G Kelley Rethinking Working Class Opposition in the Jim Crow South Black Migration tlc,