Phase Modeling Tools Applications to Gases [Hardcover]

This book is part of a set of books which offers advanced students successive characterization tool phases, the study of all types of phase (liquid, gas and solid, pure or multi-component), process engineering, chemical and electrochemical equilibria, and the properties of surfaces and phases of small sizes. Macroscopic and microscopic models are in turn covered with a constant correlation between the two scales. Particular attention has been given to the rigor of mathematical developments.

PREFACE xiii

NOTATIONS xvii

SYMBOLS  xix

CHAPTER 1. THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS AND VARIABLES  1

1.1. State variables and characteristic functions of a phase 2

1.1.1. Intensive and extensive conjugate variables 2

1.1.2. Variations in internal energy during a transformation 3

1.1.3 Characteristic function associated with a canonical set of variables  5

1.2. Partial molar parameters 7

1.2.1. Definition 7

1.2.2. Properties of partial molar variables 8

1.3. Chemical potential and generalized chemical potentials 8

1.3.1. Chemical potential and partial molar free enthalpy  8

1.3.2. Definition of generalized chemical potential  9

1.3.3. Variations in the chemical potential and generalized chemical potential with variables 10

1.3.4. Gibbs–Duhem relation 10

1.3.5. Generalized Helmholtz relations 11

1.3.6. Chemical system associated with the general system 12

1.4. The two modeling scales  14

CHAPTER 2. MACROSCOPIC MODELING OF A PHASE 15

2.1. Thermodynamic coefficients and characteristic matricelsè