Speaking of Apes: A Critical Anthology of Two-Way Communication with Man [Paperback]

Introduction: Questioning Apes.- Varieties of Interspecific Communication.- Two Modes of Animal Training: Apprentissage versus Dressage.- Great Expectations.- Observational and Recording Errors.- Ockhams Razor.- Clever Hans Effect.- Antecedents of Ape Language Researches.- Exorcising Hanss Spirit.- Uses of Authority and Self-Control.- The Double-Blind Strategy.- Alone in a Crowd.- The Clash of Umwelten in Fact and Fiction.- Conclusion.- References.- Communication and Language in the Home-Raised Chimpanzee.- The Ape-Rearing Experiment.- The Pronunciation of Words.- Comprehension of Language.- Spontaneous Gesturing.- Two-Way Communication by Gesture.- Summary.- A Word Between Us.- What is Language? (I).- Parenthetic Remarks on Cognition.- What is Language? (II).- The Study of Language Communication across Species.- A Word between Us.- The First Sentences of Child and Chimpanzee.- Washoes Signing Progress.- The Available Data on Child Speech.- Major Meanings in Stage I.- Comparison of Washoe and Child.- Language, Name, and Concept.- Chimpanzee and Child.- The Chimpanzees Signs as Names.- A Characterization of Language.- Disengagement from Context.- The Childs Sentences.- Language and Concept.- Of Language Knowledge, Apes, and Brains.- Language Knowledge: Formal Constants of Cognitive Achievement.- The Capacity for Arithmetic.- The Capacity for Language.- Apes: Heuristics of Cross-Species Comparison of Cognitive Function.- Brains: Preliminaries to Theorizing.- Fiber Connections.- Indivisibility of Language Knowledge.- Discussion.- Can Chimpanzees Learn a Phonemic Language?.- Sentence Structure in Chimpanzee Communication.- Washoe.- Washoes Combinations.- Word Order.- Negation and Questions.- Encoding Propositions about the Physical World.- Sarah and the Perceptibility of Linguistic Structure.- A Different Grammatical System?.- Aspects of Chimpanzee Life.- Language, Communication, Chimpanzees.- Washoe.- Sarah.- What Might be Learned from Studying Language in the lƒ1