Is Turkey on the way to meet the economic Copenhagen criteria?
The enlargement process that the European Union faced the last decade stirred the debate again about the role Turkey has to play and whether or not Turkey should be part of the European Union. While the enlargement with the Central and East European countries of the former Soviet Union was a logical process, given the strong trade relationships and the political and historical context of these countries, the potential enlargement with Turkey is much more complex and controversial.
The main innovation of the present study is that it unravels the complexity of the Turkish case by approaching the problem from different angles in a comprehensive way. In particular, by tuning in on the historic, political and economic processes, new insights are obtained about the feasibility of Turkish accession to the EU. By combining lessons from the existing literature, the use of new data and the analysis of the political economic processes, a new perspective on the enlargement question with the key Copenhagen criteria used as a corner stone - is offered.
Introduction 1. Short survey of the history of Turkey 1.1 The end of the Ottoman Empire 1.2 The establishment of modern Turkey 1.3 The Republicans 1.4 The Democrats 1.5 The second republic 1.6 The sixties 1.7 The 1970 coup 1.8 The 1980 coup 1.9 Turgut ?zal 1.10 The bloodless 1997 coup 1.11 Erdogan 1.12 Conclusion 2. History of Turkey-EU relations 2.1 The cold war 2.2 The European Coal and Steel Community and the European Defense Community 2.3 The European Economic Community 2.4 The EEC in the sixties and seventies 2.5 The EC in the eighties 2.6 The EC in the nineties: the Maastricht treaty 2.7 The EU in the nineties: the enlargement with the CEEC 2.8 Turkey and the EU in the nineties 2.9 The EU in the nineties: Agenda 2000 2.10 The EU in the new millennium: Nice 2.11 The Copenhagen European Council 2ló$