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This literature study presents an overview of underwater acoustic networking. It provides a background and describes the state of the art of all networking facets that are relevant for underwater applications. This report serves both as an introduction to the subject and as a summary of existing protocols, providing support and inspiration for the development of network architectures.
1. Preface
2. Introduction
2.1. Underwater communications
2.2. The acoustic channel
2.3. Networking
3. Topics bordering the physical layer
3.1. Time Synchronization
3.1.1. Clock inaccuracy model
3.1.2. Time synchronization protocols
3.1.3. Summary
3.2. Full-duplex links
3.2.1. Link layer
3.2.2. Physical layer
3.2.3. Concluding notes
3.3. Adaptive data rate
3.3.1. The physical layer
3.3.2. Medium access control, lower level
3.3.3. Adaptive data rate in ARQ systems
3.3.4. Summary and conclusions
4. Medium access control
4.1. Frequency-division multiple access
4.1.1. Description
4.1.2. Case studies 4.2. Code-division multiple access
4.2.1. Description
4.2.2. Near-far problem
4.2.3. Case studies
4.3. Time based multiple access technologies
4.3.1. Study of existing strategies
4.3.2. Study of existing technologies
4.3.3. Medium Access Cooperation with Game Theory
4.3.4. Discussion of existing time based multiple access technologies
4.4. Combination of different multiple access schemes
5. Logical link layer topics
5.1. Scope
5.2. ARQ
5.2.1. Stop-and-wait and go-back-N ARQ
5.2.2. Selective repeat ARQ
5.3. Hybrid ARQ
5.3.1. Type I hybrid ARQ
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