Visionaries and Planners The Garden City Movement and the Modern Community [Hardcover]

For nearly a century the Garden City movement has represented one end of a continuum in an ongoing debate about the future of the modern city. In 1898 Ebenezer Howard envisioned an experimental community as the alternative to huge, teeming cities. Small, planned garden cities girdled by greenbelts were to serve in time as the master key to a higher, more cooperative stage of civilization based on ecologically balanced communities. Howard soon founded an international planning movement which ever since has represented a remarkable blend of accommodation to and protest against urban changes and the rise of the suburbs. In this interconnected history of the Garden City movement in the United States and Britain, Buder examines its influence, strengths and limitations. Howard's garden city, he shows, joined together two very different types of late-nineteenth-century experimental communities, creating a tension never fully resolved. One approach, utopian and radical in nature, challenged conventional values; the other, the model industrial towns of enlightened capitalists, reinforceed them. Buder traces this tension through planning history from the nineteenth-century world of visionaries, philanthropy, and self help into our own with its reliance on the expert, bureaucracy, and governmental policy, shedding light on the complex changes in the way we have thought in the twentieth century about community, urban design, and indeed the process of change. His final chapters examine the world-wide enthusiasm for New Towns between 1945-1975 and recent political and social trends which challenge many fundamental assumptions of modern planning.

Carefully researched, cogently argued, and gracefully written...Buder argues compellingly for a humanistic reorientation in planning. This book chalenges planners to understand their past as an essential step in redefining and revitalizing their profession. --American Planning AssociationJournal